Frequently Asked Microsoft Azure Interview Questions & Answers
Cloud computing is one of the masterpiece technologies with a high demand for qualified professionals. Today, in this competing IT industry, one of the most demanding specialties in IT is cloud computing. The enterprises all over the world are keen to hire cloud computing experts. However, it is not that easy of jobs to get, because it is a specialty area. To secure a job in this field, a candidate must have a number of specific skills.
As more and more companies have already started moving infrastructure and data to the cloud, cloud computing opens doors to new employment opportunities in the IT field. Having said that, according to Gartner, investment in the cloud is expected to double in the coming few years. This simply states the need for fresh and new-age skills to step up the IT sector.
Today’s top cloud providers are Microsoft Azure, Amazon AWS and Google GCP. In this blog, I am going to list the regularly placed Cloud computing and Microsoft Azure interview questions and answers, which will help you to take one step ahead in your successful career in Cloud Computing.
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Q.1. What are the service models available in Cloud Computing?
Cloud computing provides services according to three fundamental models: IaaS: Infrastructure as a Service, PaaS: Platform as a Service, and SaaS: Software as a Service. IaaS is the most basic one and each higher model summarises from the details of the lower models.
IaaS: In infrastructure as a service, you get the infra i.e. basic hardware from your cloud provider as a service i.e. you get servers, network devices, storage which you can configure with your own will.
Examples: Windows Azure Virtual Machines, Virtual Networks, Amazon EC2, Amazon Cloud Formation, Google Compute Engine.
PaaS: Platform as a Service, gives you a platform to publish our web applications without giving them access to the underlying software or OS.
Examples: Windows Azure Compute and App Service, Amazon Elastic Beanstalk, Cloud Foundry, Google App Engine.
SaaS: In software as a service, you get the software as a cloud service, i.e. no platform, no infrastructure, just that simple software that you can use without purchasing it.
Examples: Microsoft Office 365, Google Apps, Gmail, Amazon Connect, Onlive.
Q.2. What are Deployment models used in the Cloud?
Following are 4 types of Deployment models used in Cloud Computing:
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- Private cloud: The infrastructure is owned by you or your cloud provider gives you a particular service completely. For e.g. Hosting your website on your own configured web server, or with the cloud provider on a dedicated web server.
- Public cloud: The infrastructure is owned by your cloud provider and the servers that you are using could be a multi-subscriber system.
- Community cloud: A community cloud is a multi-subscriber platform that allows several companies to work on the same platform, provided that they have related needs and concerns. For example, a community cloud can be used to test-drive some high-end security products.
- Hybrid cloud: When you use both Public Cloud, Private Cloud together, it is called Hybrid Cloud. For Example: Using your in-house servers for the confidential database from a private cloud, and the public cloud for hosting your company’s public-facing website.
Q.3. What is the Microsoft Windows Azure Platform?
A collective name of Microsoft’s Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS) offering that provides a programming platform, a deployment infrastructure, and a runtime environment of cloud computing maintained and managed in Microsoft datacenters across the world.
Q.4. Which are the three main components of the Windows Azure Platform?
Following are the main components of Windows Azure:
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- Compute
- Storage
- AppFabric
Q.5. What are the roles available in the Windows Azure Cloud?
Following are three types of roles in Microsoft Azure:
- Web Role – A web role is basically used to implement a website, using languages supported by the IIS platform like Node JS, PHP, .NET, etc. It is configured and customized to run APIs and web applications.
- Worker Role – A worker role is more like a helper to the Web role. It used to perform background processes while the Web Role is used to deploy the website.
- VM Role – The VM role is used by a user to schedule windows services and other tasks. This role is used to customize the virtual machines on which the web and worker role is running.
Q.6. What is the use of Windows Azure Compute Emulator?
The Compute emulator is a local emulator of Windows Azure which we can use to build and test our applications before deploying it to Microsoft Azure Cloud.
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Q.7. Which service is used to manage resources in Azure?
Azure Resource Manager(ARM): Azure Resource Manager is used to “manage” different resources that involve a number of Azure services. ARM is used to deploy, manage and delete all the resources together using a simple “JSON” script.
Q.8. Can it be possible to create a Virtual Machine using Azure Resource Manager in a Virtual Network that was created using classic deployment?
This is not possible. Using the Azure Resource Manager, we cannot deploy a virtual machine into a virtual network that was created using Azure classic deployment.
Q.9. What are virtual machine scale sets in Azure?
Azure compute resource VMSS – Virtual machine scale sets, are the ones, that you simply can use to deploy and manage a group of identical VMs. With all the VM instances configured the same, scale sets are designed to support true Autoscale, and no pre-provisioning of VMs is required. So it is very easy to build large-scale services that target big data, big compute, and containerized workloads.
Q.10. What are Fault Domains?
A fault domain is a logical group of the underlying hardware that share a common power source and network switch, almost like a rack within an on-premise data-centers. As we create VMs within the same availability set, the Azure platform will automatically distribute our VMs across the fault domains defined by us. This approach limits the effect of power interruptions, potential physical hardware failures, or network outages.
Q.11. What are Update Domains?
An update domain may be a logical group of the underlying hardware that will undergo maintenance or are often rebooted at an equivalent time. As we create VMs within the same availability set, the Azure platform will automatically distribute our VMs across these update domains configured by us. This approach ensures that a minimum of one instance of your application always remains running because the Azure platform undergoes periodic maintenance. The order of update domains being rebooted might not proceed sequentially during planned maintenance, but just one update domain is rebooted at a time.
Q.12. Is it possible to add an existing VM to an availability set?
No. If you want your VM to be part of an availability set, you would like to make the VM within the same availability set. Currently, there is no option to add a VM to an availability set after it’s been created.
Q.13. What are Network Security Groups?
An NSG – Network Security Group contains a list of ACL – Access Control List rules that allow or deny network traffic to subnets, NICs, or both. NSGs are often related to either subnets or individual NICs connected to a subnet. When an NSG is related to a subnet, the ACL rules apply to all or any the VMs therein subnet. In addition, traffic to a private NIC are often restricted by associating an NSG on to a NIC.
Q.14. Why is Azure Active Directory user?
Azure Active Directory is an IAM i.e. Identity and Access Management provider system. It is wont to grant access to your employees to specific products and services in your network. For example Salesforce.com, twitter, etc. Azure AD has some in-built support for applications in its gallery which may be added directly.
Q.15. What is a VNet?
VNet may be a representation of your own network within the cloud. It logically isolates your instances launched within the cloud, from the remainder of your resources.
Q.16. What are the differences between the Directory Administrator and Subscription Administrator?
Azure AD provides a different set of admin roles to manage the directory and identity-related features. These admins will have access to different features within the Azure portal or the Azure classic portal. The admin’s role determines what they are going to do or what they have access to do, like assign administrative roles to others, create or edit users, reset user passwords, manage user licenses, or manage domains, etc.
The Subscription Administrator role is assigned by default when he/she signs up for Azure. A subscription admin can use either a Microsoft account or an organization or institute account from the directory that the Azure subscription is related to. This role is permitted to manage services within the Azure portal. If others want to log in and access services by using an equivalent subscription, you need to add them as co-admins.
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Q.17. How much storage can I use with a virtual machine?
Any data disk can be a maximum of up to 1 TB. The number of data disks that you can use depends on the size and type of the virtual machine.
Azure Managed Disks are the new and recommended disk storage offerings to be used with Azure Virtual Machines for persistent storage of your data. Depend on VM size, you can use multiple Managed Disks with each Virtual Machine. Managed Disks offer two sorts of durable storage options: Premium and Standard Managed Disks.
Azure storage accounts also can provide storage for the OS disk and any data disks. Each disk may be a .vhd file stored as a page blob.
Q.18. What are the different power states of an Azure VM?
Below are the available power states of VM in Azure:
Q.19. What are the different Storage’s in Windows Azure?
BLOB: BLOBs offer a component for storing a lot of content or binary data, for instance, pictures, sound, and visual documents. It can add up to a maximum 200 terabytes and can be taken up by utilizing REST APIs.
File: Files offers simple, secure and fully managed file shares. File shares in the cloud can access using the industry-standard SMB 3.0 and HTTPS protocol. We can mount file shares simultaneously in the cloud or on-premises on Linux, Windows, and macOS.
Table: Tables represent storage areas across machines for information that’s within the sort of properties on the cloud.
Queue: the only target of a Queue is to empower communication amongst Web and Worker Role instances. They help in storing messages that may be accessed by a customer.
Q.20. What is the Azure App Service?
Azure App Service is a PaaS service model. For skilled developers, it is a completely managed PaaS – Platform as a Service offering, that conveys a vivid arrangement of abilities to the web, mobile and integration scenarios. Mobile Apps in Azure App Service offer a universally accessible mobile application development platform that is easily adaptable for Enterprise Developers and System Integrators that conveys a rich set of capacities to mobile engineers.
Q.21. What is Azure Service Level Agreement (SLA)?
The SLA ensures that, when you send two or more role instances for each role, access to your cloud service will be maintained not less than 99.95% of the time. Additionally, when a role instance’s procedure isn’t running, an identification and re-correction activity will be started within 99.9% of the time.
All the Best for your Bright future in Cloud Computing!!!
You can also find my blog on Microsoft Build – Azure Updates here.
Author Name: Sumaiyya Suhail Bagwan
Department Name: Networking
Designation: Technical Trainer
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